An extremely sensitive carbon paste electrode modified with Prussian blue analogue (PbA @CPE) for the electrochemical determination of Tetramisole HCl anthelmintic drug as a food contaminant in beef cuts and infant formula milk powder
By Elgazzar, Elsayed; Abdel-Raoof, Ahmed M.; El-Attar, Abdul-Aziz M. M.; Ashmawy, Ashraf M.; Abdulla, Shaaban A.
Published in Microchemical Journal
2022
Abstract
Tetramisole hydrochloride (TMS) - the drug of choice for ascariasis- is used as an anthelmintic. In this paper, both qualitative and quantitative determination of TMS in bulk, infant milk powder, and frozen cuts-up bovine meat samples were developed to provide consumersafety. In this paper, chemically modified carbon paste with Prussian blue analogue nanoparticles (PbA-NPs /CP) was developed for determination of TMS utilizing cylic voltammetry (CV), square wave voltammetry (SWV) and chronoamperometry methods. In this regard, Prussian blue analogue (PbA) was synthesized by the chemical co-precipitation route. XRD technique was used for crystal structure analysis indicating that the fabricated nanopowder belongs to a cubic structure with lattice constants a=b=c=10.176AThe grain size was estimated approximately equal 20 nm, and the dislocation density was 25×10-4nm-2. The molecular structure was analyzed using Raman spectroscopy, and the elements C, N, O, Co, Ni, Cr, Ir were recorded by EDX spectrum. SEM images showed the particles very fine in spherical shape. Transmittance and reflectance spectra have been measured through wavelength range from 200 nm to 900 nm.Energy gap (Eg) and refractive index (n) of the films were determined suggesting the strong optical absorption. Finally, this method was carried out at pH 4.0 within a linearity range (10.0 × 10−9–1.0 × 10−4) M and a minimum detection limit of 2.7 × 10−9M.