Characterization and optimization of a printed, primary silver–zinc battery
By Braam, Kyle T.; Volkman, Steven K. & Subramanian, Vivek
Published in Journal of Power Sources
2012
Abstract
The increasing deployment of ubiquitous electronic systems such as distributed sensor networks and RFID tags has resulted in a need for high energy microbatteries. Printed batteries are particularly interesting because of the potential for low material loss, low processing cost, and ease of integration into low-profile flexible electronic systems. We have developed a two-step printing technique to deposit an alkaline electrolyte for a printed silver–zinc battery. The fabricated batteries are characterized with galvanostatic measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy using a three electrode setup with a zinc reference electrode. High silver utilization of 94 ± 3% and an areal energy density of 4.1 ± 0.3 mWh cm-2 are achieved with a 57:29:14 H2O:KOH:PEO (Mv = 600,000) electrolyte at a C/2 discharge rate 1.8 mA cm-2.