Toward Low-Cost Grid Scale Energy Storage: Supercapacitors Based on Up-Cycled Industrial Mill Scale Waste
By Chaopeng Fu and Patrick S. Grant
Published in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
2015
Abstract
Mill scale is a waste product from the steel industry available cheaply in tonne quantities and consisting of various iron oxides. The supercapacitive behavior of mill scale directly from the steel plant, and after various cheap and scalable physical and chemical treatments, has been studied in electrodes formed by spraying mill scale containing suspensions onto large area current collectors. Half-cell and full-cell supercapacitors in cheap, nontoxic aqueous sodium sulphite electrolyte were investigated by cyclic voltammetry, charge