Bacteria inactivation at a sub-stoichiometric titanium dioxide reactive electrochemical membrane
By Lun Guo and Kai Ding and Karl Rockne and Metin Duran and Brian P. Chaplin
Published in Journal of Hazardous Materials
2016
Abstract
This study investigated the use of a sub-stoichiometric TiO2 reactive electrochemical membrane (REM) for the inactivation of a model Escherichia coli (E. coli) pathogen in chloride-free solutions. The filtration system was operated in dead-end, outside-in filtration model, using the \REM\ as anode and a stainless steel mesh as cathode. A 1-log removal of E. coli was achieved when the electrochemical cell was operated at the open circuit potential, due to a simple bacteria-sieving mechanism. At applied cell potentials of 1.3 and 3.5 V neither live nor dead E. coli cells were detected in the permeate stream (detection limit of 1.0 cell mL?1), which was attributed to enhanced electrostatic bacteria adsorption at the \REM\ anode. Bacteria inactivation in the retentate solution increased as a function of the applied cell potential, which was attributed to transport of E. coli to the \REM\ and stainless steel cathode surfaces, and direct contact with the local acidic and alkaline environment produced by water oxidation at the anode and cathode, respectively. Clear evidence for an E. coli inactivation mechanism mediated by either direct or indirect oxidation was not found. The low energy requirement of the process (2.0