Synthesis and characterization of Nd doped LiMn₂O₄ cathode for Li-ion rechargeable batteries
By Singhal, Rahul; Das, Suprem R.; Tomar, Maharaj S.; Ovideo, Osbert; Nieto, Santander; Melgarejo, Ricardo E. & Katiyar, Ram S.
Published in Journal of Power Sources
2007
Abstract
Spinel powders of LiMn₁.₉₉Nd₀.₀₁O₄ have been synthesized by chemical synthesis route to prepare cathodes for Li-ion coin cells. The structural and electrochemical properties of these cathodes were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and charge-discharge studies. The cyclic voltammetry of the cathodes revealed the reversible nature of Li-ion intercalation and deintercalation in the electrochemical cell. The charge-discharge characteristics forLiMn₁.₉₉Nd₀.₀₁O₄ cathode materials were obtained in 3.4–4.3 V voltage range and the initial discharge capacity of this material were found to be about 149 mAh g⁻¹. The coin cells were tested for up to 25 charge-discharge cycles. The results show that by doping with small concentration of rare-earth element Nd, the capacity fading is considerably reduced as compared to the pure LiMn₂O₄ cathodes, making it suitable for Li-ion battery applications.