Highly porous coral-like silicon particles synthesized by an ultra-simple thermal-reduction method
By Duc Tung Ngo, Hang T. T. Le, Xuan-Manh Pham, Ji-Won Jung, Ngoc Hung Vu,John G. Fisher, Won-Bin Im, Il-Doo Kim and Chan-Jin Park
Published in Journal of Materials Chemistry A
2018
Abstract
Porous Si is considered a potential anode material for next-generation Li-ion batteries (LIBs) because of its high specific capacity, low lithiation/delithiation potential, low cost, and environmental friendliness. In this work, we introduce a simplified Mg-thermal-reduction method for the production of mass-scalable coral-like bulk-Si powder with a high surface area (38 m2 g−1), broad pore-size distribution (2–200 nm), and 3-dimensionally (3D) interconnected Si structure for application in LIBs. The porous, coral-like Si electrode delivered a high reversible capacity of 2451 mA h g−1, corresponding to ∼70% of the theoretical capacity of Si, at a rate of C/10. After 100 cycles, the porous, coral-like Si electrode maintained a capacity of 1956 mA h g−1, corresponding to 79.8% of the initial reversible capacity. Importantly, a reasonably high reversible capacity of 614 mA h g−1 was achieved even at a high rate of 10C. These outstanding results demonstrate that the 3D-networked, porous, coral-like Si powder, synthesized via a NaCl-assisted Mg-thermal-reduction process on a stainless-steel plate over a period of one minute, can be employed as a promising anode material for the next generation of high-energy LIBs.